Penguin Requirements and Best Practices

Penguin Requirements and Best Practices

Ethernet Cabling Requirements
  • Cat5e or better cabling infrastructure and patch cables are required. 
  • Cat6e or better are preferred for gigabit switching. 
Switching Requirements

For most installations standard switches will function just fine however PoE-capable switches are preferred. A custom deployment can be arranged by talking with your sales person

NOTE: if using VLAN's:
  • LAN switching equipment must support VLAN technologies; this is referred to as a managed switch.
  • Voice VLAN configuration is required:
     
    • Penguin prefers the VLAN configuration to use the following values:
       
      • 101 for Data VLAN
      • 200 for Voice VLAN
    • Client must inform Penguin of any custom values or changes in values after initial deployments.

      NOTE: If using dedicated switches for voice, and depending on LAN topology, VLAN tagging may still be required.  Passing CoS values between switches requires an 802.1q header, but may not be required for single switch deployments or when mapping DSCP to CoS independently on each switch.
  • LAN switching equipment must support LLDP-MED and/or CDP protocols. 
  • PoE-capable switching equipment must compile with IEEE 802.3af, at minimum. 
Firewall and Routing requirements

  • Disable SIP ALG functions/options;  SIP Application Layer Gateways cause interoperability concerns and often result in one-way audio, disconnects, timeouts, and/or total loss of VoIP services.
  • Set UDP timeouts on a NAT device (firewall/router) for no less than 180 seconds. 
  • Be mindful of load balancers or multi-WAN connectivity. Endpoint registration must come from a single static IP or a loss of registration and dropped calls can occur. 
  • Penguin highly recommends, as a best practice, publicly routable static IP addressing for any WAN links.
  • DHCP setting requirements: 
     
    Options
    		Confirm that DHCP options 150, 160, and 66 are removed from the DHCP pool configuration for the voice/phone VLAN/Network.
    DNS
    		Must configure DNS for the voice/phone DHCP pool, with preferred DNS servers settings being 8.8.8.8 or 1.1.1.1.
  • Penguin uses the following outbound ports for communication. Pinholes must be preserved on a per session basis for the following:
     
    • Ports Used for SIP Endpoints:
       
      Port(s)
      		Protocol
      		Description 
      5060-5062
      		UDP and TCP
      		Used for call control and device registration (SIP)
      10002
      		TCP
      		Used for secure call control and device registration (SIPS)
      16384- 32768
      		UDP
      		Used for audio and video transport bidirectionally (RTP)
      123
      		TCP and UDP
      		Used for maintaining accurate date/time (NTP)
      80 and 443
      		TCP and UDP
      		Used for access to log server and file server (HTTPS)
      514
      		TCP and UDP
      		Used for Syslog (optional)
      53
      		UDP 
      		Used for DNS resolution. 
    • Ports Used for Messaging/IM:
       
      Port
      		Protocol
      		Description
      5222
      		TCP
      		Used for instant messaging services (XMPP)
      1081
      		TCP
      		Used for file transfer (XMPP)
  • Application layers used for Penguin service: 
     
    DNS
    		HTTPS
    		SIP-TLS
    FTP
    		RTP
    		TFTP
    HTTP
    		SIP
    		XMPP

QOS

  • Map DSCP 46 to the Highest Priority Queue.
  • Highest Priority Queue serviced first.
  • Do not map any other traffic to the Highest Priority Queue (Voice Services Only)
  • Trust DSCP marking from phone ports and router ports. 

    NOTE: Terminology can vary for different vendors, but VoIP traffic must use the highest priority queue.

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